Taken together, forensic science means the use of the scientific methods and processes for crime solving. The word " science", is derived from the Latin word for 'knowledge' and is today closely tied to the scientific method, a systematic way of acquiring knowledge. In modern use, the term forensics is often used in place of "forensic science." This origin is the source of the two modern usages of the word forensic-as a form of legal evidence and as a category of public presentation. The case would be decided in favor of the individual with the best argument and delivery. Both the person accused of the crime and the accuser would give speeches based on their sides of the story. The history of the term originates in Roman times, when a criminal charge meant presenting the case before a group of public individuals in the forum. The term forensic stems from the Latin word, forēnsis (3rd declension, adjective), meaning "of a forum, place of assembly". While any field could technically be forensic, certain sections have developed over time to encompass the majority of forensically related cases. In addition to their laboratory role, forensic scientists testify as expert witnesses in both criminal and civil cases and can work for either the prosecution or the defense. Still others are involved in analysis of financial, banking, or other numerical data for use in financial crime investigation, and can be employed as consultants from private firms, academia, or as government employees. While some forensic scientists travel to the scene of the crime to collect the evidence themselves, others occupy a laboratory role, performing analysis on objects brought to them by other individuals. It is a broad field utilizing numerous practices such as the analysis of DNA, fingerprints, bloodstain patterns, firearms, ballistics, and toxicology.įorensic scientists collect, preserve, and analyze scientific evidence during the course of an investigation. During criminal investigation in particular, it is governed by the legal standards of admissible evidence and criminal procedure. Forensic science, also known as criminalistics, is the application of science to criminal and civil laws.
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